Explanation:
Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in 1896 while studying uranium salts. Marie and Pierre Curie further investigated radioactive elements. Rutherford studied alpha/beta radiation.
Explanation:
In a covalent bond, atoms share pairs of electrons; the shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, holding them together. Ionic bonds involve electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Explanation:
Across period 3, nuclear charge increases (Na: 11+, Cl: 17+) while electrons are added to the same shell. The increased attraction pulls electrons closer, decreasing radius. Na has larger radius despite having fewer electrons.
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