The biodiversity hotspot concept was introduced by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The biodiversity hotspot concept was introduced by:
A. Alexander von Humboldt
B. E.O. Wilson
C. Norman Myers
D. Charles Darwin
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Norman Myers introduced the concept of biodiversity hotspots in 1988—regions with high endemic species and significant habitat loss (≥70% original vegetation lost). Examples: Western Ghats, Indo-Burma. Conservation efforts prioritize these areas. Darwin contributed evolution, Humboldt to biogeography, E.O. Wilson is known for sociobiology and biodiversity studies. Hotspots cover only 2.4% of Earth's land but hold >50% of plant species.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
The organ that produces urea as the main nitrogenous waste in humans is the:
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Spleen
D. Pancreas

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
The liver synthesizes urea from ammonia (which is toxic) via the urea cycle (ornithine cycle). Ammonia is produced from the deamination of amino acids. Urea is less toxic and is transported via blood to the kidneys for excretion in urine. The kidneys only filter and excrete urea; they do not produce it.

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Question #2
Which of the following is an example of a chemical mutagen?
A. Gamma rays
B. UV radiation
C. Nitrous acid
D. X-rays

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Nitrous acid (HNO₂) is a chemical mutagen that can deaminate bases (e.g., cytosine to uracil), causing base-pair changes and mutations. X-rays, UV radiation, and gamma rays are physical mutagens (ionizing and non-ionizing radiation). Chemical mutagens include base analogs, alkylating agents, and intercalating agents. Mutagens increase the rate of mutations beyond natural levels.

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Question #3
Which of the following statements about animal tissues is correct?
A. Neurons are the only cells that produce myelin.
B. Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary.
C. Skeletal muscle is involuntary and striated.
D. Smooth muscle is voluntary and non-striated.

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Cardiac muscle has striations and contracts involuntarily. Skeletal muscle is voluntary, smooth involuntary; myelin is produced by Schwann cells (PNS) and oligodendrocytes (CNS), not neurons.

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