The enzyme trypsin is involved in the digestion of:
A. Nucleic acids
B. Proteins
C. Carbohydrates
D. Fats
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Trypsin, a pancreatic protease, hydrolyzes proteins into peptides in the small intestine. It is secreted as inactive trypsinogen and activated by enterokinase.
The hormone aldosterone, which acts on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to increase sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion, is secreted by the:
Explanation:
Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the zona glomerulosa, the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex. Its primary function is to regulate electrolyte balance by promoting the active reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and the excretion of potassium (K+) and hydrogen ions (H+) in the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidneys. The zona fasciculata secretes glucocorticoids (cortisol).
Explanation:
Helicase uses ATP to separate the hydrogen-bonded base pairs, creating the replication fork. Topoisomerase relieves supercoiling ahead of the fork. DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA, ligase joins fragments. Helicase is essential for strand separation and replication initiation.
Explanation:
Vaccination involves the introduction of a weakened, killed, or partial pathogen (antigen) into the body. This stimulates the immune system to produce its own antibodies and memory cells without causing the disease. Since the body actively produces the immune response due to an artificial stimulus, it is called artificial active immunity.
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