The genetic material of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The genetic material of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is:
A. Single-stranded RNA
B. Double-stranded DNA
C. Double-stranded RNA
D. Single-stranded DNA
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
HIV is a retrovirus with two copies of single-stranded RNA as its genome. It uses reverse transcriptase to convert RNA into DNA upon infection. Double-stranded DNA is typical of many organisms. Single-stranded DNA viruses exist (e.g., parvovirus). Double-stranded RNA viruses include rotavirus. The viral RNA genome enables integration into host DNA via a DNA intermediate.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
The scientist who discovered that DNA is the genetic material in bacteriophages was:
A. Watson and Crick
B. Hershey and Chase
C. Meselson and Stahl
D. Avery, MacLeod, McCarty

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Hershey and Chase (1952) used radioactive isotopes (³²P and ³⁵S) to show that DNA, not protein, enters bacteria during T2 phage infection and is the genetic material. Avery et al. earlier showed transforming principle was DNA. Watson and Crick determined structure, Meselson-Stahl replication mode.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The hormone responsible for apical dominance in plants is:
A. Ethylene
B. Cytokinin
C. Auxin
D. Gibberellin

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Auxin produced at the shoot apex inhibits lateral bud growth, a phenomenon called apical dominance. Removing the tip promotes branching.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The water vascular system is a unique feature of which phylum?
A. Hemichordata
B. Chordata
C. Echinodermata
D. Mollusca

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
The water vascular system is a unique network of fluid-filled canals found exclusively in Echinodermata (e.g., starfish, sea urchins). It is primarily used for locomotion (via tube feet), capturing and handling food, and respiration. Adult echinoderms exhibit radial symmetry, while their larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.

This question belongs to: Science Biology