The horizontal rows in the modern periodic table are called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The horizontal rows in the modern periodic table are called:
A. Periods
B. Blocks
C. Families
D. Groups
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The periodic table has 7 horizontal rows called periods. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells. Properties change gradually across a period. Groups are vertical columns (18), where elements have similar valence electron configurations and thus similar chemical properties. Families are informal group names (e.g., halogens). Blocks (s, p, d, f) are based on the orbital in which the last electron enters.

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Question #1
CNG stands for:
A. Compressed Natural Gas
B. Clean Natural Gas
C. Condensed Natural Gas
D. Carbon Natural Gas

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas. It is primarily methane stored at high pressure. It is considered a cleaner fuel than petrol or diesel because it produces fewer pollutants like carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons, and it leaves no residue upon combustion.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry
Question #2
If temperature of a gas is kept constant and pressure is doubled, volume becomes:
A. Four times
B. Same
C. Double
D. Half

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Boyle's law: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂. If P₂ = 2P₁, then V₂ = V₁/2. Volume is inversely proportional to pressure.

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Question #3
Assertion (A): Magnesium oxide is a basic oxide. Reason (R): Metals on reaction with oxygen form acidic oxides.
A. A is false, but R is true
B. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a basic oxide because it reacts with acids to form salt and water, e.g., MgO + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂O. However, Reason is false: Metals generally form basic oxides, not acidic oxides. Non-metals form acidic oxides (e.g., SO₂, CO₂). Some metals like Al, Zn form amphoteric oxides. So A is true, R false. Exam tip: Metal oxides are usually basic; non-metal oxides are acidic.

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