The hybridization of the central atom in the sulfate ion (SO4 2-) is:
A. sp2
B. sp
C. sp3d
D. sp3
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
In the sulfate ion (SO4 2-), the central sulfur atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms with no lone pairs on the sulfur. The steric number is 4 (4 sigma bonds + 0 lone pairs). A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp3 hybridization, resulting in a tetrahedral geometry.
Explanation:
Crystallization separates a pure solid from a solution by cooling or evaporating the solvent. Impurities remain in the mother liquor. Example: purifying copper sulfate. Distillation for liquids; filtration for insoluble solids.
Explanation:
Bleaching powder (CaOCl₂) reacts with dilute acids or even CO₂ from air to release chlorine: CaOCl₂ + H₂SO₄ → CaSO₄ + Cl₂ + H₂O; or with CO₂: CaOCl₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + Cl₂. The chlorine gas acts as oxidizing and bleaching agent. Actually the bleaching is due to nascent oxygen produced by chlorine with water: Cl₂ + H₂O → 2HCl + [O]. But the key is chlorine liberation.
Explanation:
Burning of a candle involves combustion of wax (hydrocarbons) with oxygen to produce CO₂ and H₂O, a chemical change. The melting of wax is a physical change. Cutting wood is physical (size change). Freezing water is physical (state change). A chemical change results in new substances with different properties. Often irreversible.
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