The law of conservation of energy states that MCQ with Answer and Explanation
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Question #1
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A 12 V battery with internal resistance 0.5 Ω delivers current 2 A. Terminal voltage is
Question #2
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An AC generator produces alternating current. To convert an AC generator into a DC generator, which crucial component must be replaced?
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation:
An AC generator uses continuous 'slip rings' which allow the output polarity to reverse every half-rotation of the coil, generating alternating current. To produce direct current (DC), the slip rings must be replaced by a 'split-ring commutator'. This commutator reverses the connections to the external circuit at the exact moment the coil's current reverses, ensuring current flows in only one direction outside.
An AC generator uses continuous 'slip rings' which allow the output polarity to reverse every half-rotation of the coil, generating alternating current. To produce direct current (DC), the slip rings must be replaced by a 'split-ring commutator'. This commutator reverses the connections to the external circuit at the exact moment the coil's current reverses, ensuring current flows in only one direction outside.
Question #3
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Pressure at depth h in fluid: P = P₀ + ρgh. If depth doubles, pressure increase is:
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Gauge pressure (excluding atmospheric) P_gauge = ρgh ∝ h. Doubling depth doubles gauge pressure. Total pressure P = P₀ + ρgh increases but not exactly double due to P₀ term. Question asks about pressure increase (ρgh part). Memory tip: 'Hydrostatic pressure ∝ depth'. Fundamental fluid statics concept frequently tested in competitive exams.
Gauge pressure (excluding atmospheric) P_gauge = ρgh ∝ h. Doubling depth doubles gauge pressure. Total pressure P = P₀ + ρgh increases but not exactly double due to P₀ term. Question asks about pressure increase (ρgh part). Memory tip: 'Hydrostatic pressure ∝ depth'. Fundamental fluid statics concept frequently tested in competitive exams.
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