The power factor in an AC circuit is defined as: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The power factor in an AC circuit is defined as:
A. Ratio of apparent power to true power
B. Cosine of phase angle between voltage and current
C. Ratio of resistance to impedance
D. Both (a) and (c)
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Power factor = cosφ, where φ is phase angle between voltage and current. Also, power factor = R/Z (resistance/impedance) for series circuits, and = true power (W) / apparent power (VA). Thus both (a) and (c) are correct definitions. Memory tip: 'Power factor = cosφ = R/Z = P/S; ideal = 1 (purely resistive)'. This definition question tests AC circuit knowledge, crucial for competitive exams. Always link power factor to energy efficiency: low power factor means more current for same power, increasing losses.

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