The process by which bacteria acquire genes from the environment is:
A. Conjugation
B. Transformation
C. Transduction
D. Translation
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Transformation is the uptake of free DNA from the surroundings and its incorporation into the bacterial genome. Conjugation requires cell-to-cell contact via pilus, transduction involves bacteriophage, translation is protein synthesis.
Explanation:
In aerobic respiration, oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the ETC, forming water. Without it, the chain would halt. This directly explains why oxygen is required.
Explanation:
A mid-cycle surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers the final maturation and release of the secondary oocyte from the Graafian follicle (ovulation). FSH stimulates follicle growth, estrogen proliferates uterine lining, progesterone maintains it.
Explanation:
Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones T₃ and T₄. Deficiency causes hypothyroidism and goiter (enlarged thyroid gland). Iodized salt is a preventive measure.
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