The process of taking in solid particles by a cell is called:
A. Osmosis
B. Phagocytosis
C. Pinocytosis
D. Exocytosis
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Phagocytosis ('cell eating') is the engulfment of large particles or microbes by the cell membrane forming a phagosome. Pinocytosis is 'cell drinking' of liquids. Exocytosis is secretion.
Explanation:
Nettie Stevens (1905) discovered that sex is determined by the XY chromosomes in beetles. Morgan later confirmed chromosomal theory. Mendel discovered laws of inheritance.
Explanation:
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index used to classify underweight, overweight, and obesity. It is calculated as a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of their height in meters (kg/m2). While it is a useful population-level screening tool, it does not directly measure body fat and may not be accurate for athletes or the elderly.
Explanation:
Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from the DNA template strand by RNA polymerase. It occurs in the nucleus (eukaryotes). Replication is DNA duplication. Translation is protein synthesis from mRNA. Transformation is the uptake of foreign DNA by bacteria. The central dogma: DNA → RNA → Protein. Transcription produces mRNA, tRNA, rRNA. The mRNA carries the codon sequence for protein assembly.
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