The structure that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The structure that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the:
A. Axon
B. Soma
C. Dendrite
D. Synaptic terminal
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The axon is a long process that transmits action potentials from the soma to the target cell (neuron, muscle, or gland). Dendrites receive signals, soma is the cell body, synaptic terminals release neurotransmitters.

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Question #1
In leaves, the small openings surrounded by guard cells that allow gas exchange are known as:
A. Lenticels
B. Sclereids
C. Stomata
D. Hydathodes

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Stomata are microscopic pores typically on the lower epidermis of leaves, bounded by two guard cells that regulate opening and closing for gas exchange (CO₂ in, O₂ out) and transpiration. Lenticels are on bark, hydathodes release water droplets (guttation), sclereids are thick-walled sclerenchyma cells. Stomatal density varies with environmental conditions.

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Question #2
What is the structural arrangement of microtubules in a centriole?
A. 6+6
B. 9+1
C. 9+2
D. 9+0

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Centrioles are cylindrical structures composed of nine evenly spaced peripheral fibrils of tubulin, arranged in a 9+0 pattern. Each fibril is a triplet of microtubules. The central part is non-branched and lacks microtubules. Centrioles are involved in forming the spindle apparatus in animal cells and basal bodies of cilia and flagella.

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Question #3
The 'Hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone' (ACTH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary. Its primary target and function are:
A. The gonads; stimulating sex hormone production
B. The adrenal cortex; stimulating the production and release of glucocorticoids (primarily cortisol)
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D. The adrenal medulla; stimulating adrenaline release

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
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