The vitamin essential for the absorption of calcium from the intestine is:
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin B₁₂
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin A
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Vitamin D (calcitriol) stimulates the production of calcium-binding proteins in the intestinal lining, enhancing calcium absorption. Deficiency leads to rickets/osteomalacia. Vitamin A is for vision, C for collagen, B₁₂ for nerve function.
Explanation:
Darwin traveled as a naturalist on the HMS Beagle (1831-1836) and made extensive observations, especially in the Galápagos Islands. His observations of finches' beak adaptations led to the concept of natural selection as the mechanism for evolution. 'On the Origin of Species' (1859) laid out his theory. HMS Challenger was an oceanographic expedition. HMS Endeavour was Captain Cook's ship.
Explanation:
The liver is the primary site of glycogen storage and releases glucose into the blood between meals (glycogenolysis) to maintain blood sugar. Muscles also store glycogen but for local use. The pancreas regulates blood sugar via insulin/glucagon, spleen stores blood and recycles iron, kidneys excrete waste.
Explanation:
Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi, transmitted through contaminated food and water. Widal test is used for diagnosis. Cholera is Vibrio cholerae.
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