Transpiration in plants mainly occurs through: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Mutualism is a symbiotic interaction where both species benefit (+/+). Examples: Rhizobium-legume association, lichens, mycorrhizae, and oxpecker-rhino. Parasitism benefits one at the expense of the other (+/-), commensalism benefits one without affecting the other (+/0), amensalism harms one without benefit to the other (-/0). Mutualism is crucial for ecosystem functioning.

Explanation:
Gregor Mendel's experiments on pea plants led to the discovery of the fundamental laws of inheritance, earning him the title father of genetics.

Explanation:
Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue that signals the status of body fat stores to the brain. It acts primarily on the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. The ARC contains two key populations of neurons: one that co-expresses Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), which stimulate appetite, and another that expresses Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), which suppress appetite. Leptin binds to receptors on these neurons, inhibiting the NPY/AgRP neurons and stimulating the POMC/CART neurons, thereby reducing appetite and increasing energy expenditure.