Explanation:
Dispersion happens because refractive index varies with wavelength. Prism, rainbow. Scattering is Tyndall effect (blue sky). Polarisation restricts vibrations.
Explanation:
Inertia is directly proportional to mass. Heavier object harder to accelerate/decelerate. Newton's first law defines inertia. Momentum is mass × velocity, depends on motion.
Explanation:
Average speed = 2v₁v₂/(v₁+v₂) = 2×40×60/(40+60) = 4800/100 = 48 km/h. Not arithmetic mean (50). For equal distances, harmonic mean of speeds. If times equal, arithmetic mean applies.
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