Explanation:
The 'Dust Bowl' of the 1930s in the United States was caused by severe drought and poor agricultural practices (over-plowing) that led to massive dust storms, particularly in the Great Plains.
Explanation:
SOI measures the difference in sea level pressure between Tahiti (Central Pacific) and Darwin (Northern Australia). Negative SOI indicates El Niño conditions.
Explanation:
The Madden-Julian Oscillation is a large-scale pattern of convection (thunderstorm activity) that originates over the Indian Ocean and moves eastward across the Pacific, influencing weather patterns globally.
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