Assertion (A): Radioactive decay is a nuclear process. Reason (R): It involves changes in the nucleus of an atom.
A. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
B. A is true but R is false.
C. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
D. A is false but R is true.
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Radioactive decay is a spontaneous process where an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation. Since it involves the emission of particles (protons, neutrons, electrons) from the nucleus, it fundamentally alters the nucleus, making it a nuclear, not chemical, process.
Explanation:
Sodium (Na) is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal (Group 1). It is highly reactive, conducts electricity, and is malleable. Sulfur and phosphorus are non-metals; chlorine is a non-metal halogen gas. Sodium is never found free in nature; it is stored under kerosene to prevent reaction with air/moisture. It reacts vigorously with water, producing NaOH and H₂.
Explanation:
Radioactive decay is a first-order process because the rate of decay is proportional to the number of radioactive nuclei present. Half-life is constant, independent of initial amount.
Explanation:
Soap is made by saponification: fat/oil (triglyceride) + NaOH → glycerol + sodium salt of fatty acid (soap). This is an alkaline hydrolysis. HCl would break down differently. NaCl is used to precipitate soap (salting out). Ethanol is solvent.
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