Soap is made by saponification: fat/oil (triglyceride) + NaOH → glycerol + sodium salt of fatty acid (soap). This is an alkaline hydrolysis. HCl would break down differently. NaCl is used to precipitate soap (salting out). Ethanol is solvent.
Explanation:
Ethylene (C₂H₄) is systematically named ethene. The -ene suffix indicates a double bond. Ethane is C₂H₆, ethyne (acetylene) is C₂H₂, methane is CH₄. Ethene is an important petrochemical used to make polythene.
Explanation:
Ethanol is a versatile solvent used in medicines like tinctures and perfumes. Ethanoic acid (glacial) can act as a solvent for many organic compounds. Ethyl ethanoate is an excellent solvent for fats, resins, and plastics, often used in nail polish removers and industrial paints.
Explanation:
Thomson used cathode ray tubes to discover the electron and measure its charge-to-mass ratio (e/m). He proposed the 'plum pudding' model. Proton identified by Rutherford, neutron by Chadwick.
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