Consider the following statements: 1. Specific conductance decreases with dilution. 2. Equivalent conductance increases with dilution. Which is/are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation
Consider the following statements: 1. Specific conductance decreases with dilution. 2. Equivalent conductance increases with dilution. Which is/are correct?
A. Neither 1 nor 2
B. 1 only
C. 2 only
D. Both 1 and 2
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Specific conductance (conductivity) is the conductance of a 1 cm³ solution. It decreases with dilution because the number of ions per unit volume decreases. Equivalent conductance is the conductance of all ions produced by 1 gram equivalent of electrolyte. It increases with dilution because the ions have more space to move, reducing interionic attractions.
Explanation:
Zinc loses electrons: Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻, thus it is oxidized (increase in oxidation state from 0 to +2). Copper ions gain electrons: Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu, thus copper is reduced. Zn acts as the reducing agent, CuSO₄ as the oxidizing agent. This is a single displacement redox reaction. Zn is more reactive than Cu.
Explanation:
Uranium (U) is a naturally occurring heavy metal that is radioactive. Its most common isotopes are U-238 and U-235. Aluminum, iron, and calcium are stable, non-radioactive elements under normal conditions, though they may have synthetic radioactive isotopes.
Explanation:
Fajan's rules state that covalent character in an ionic bond increases with greater polarizing power of the cation and greater polarizability of the anion. A small cation has high charge density (high polarizing power), and a large anion has loosely held outer electrons (high polarizability), favoring covalency.
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