Ernest Rutherford is famous for his discovery of the: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
H₂O₂ is a strong oxidizing agent that damages bacterial cell walls, membranes, and essential biomolecules through oxidation, killing microorganisms. It is used as a 3% solution for wound cleaning. The foaming action is due to catalase in tissues breaking it down, releasing O₂. It is not a reducing agent, acid, or dehydrating agent.

Explanation:
Beta (β⁻) particles are high-energy electrons emitted when a neutron converts to a proton. Positrons (β⁺) are also beta particles.

Explanation:
Graham's law of diffusion/effusion states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. Lighter gases diffuse faster. This law helps in separating isotopes (e.g., ²³⁵U enrichment) and understanding gas behavior. Boyle's and Charles' deal with P-V-T relationships. Avogadro's deals with V and number of moles.