Physical Geography MCQs
Practice Physical Geography MCQs with answers and detailed explanations covering the Earth's structure, landforms, rocks, volcanoes, earthquakes, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, weather, climate and important physical geography concepts frequently asked in SSC, Railway, Banking, UPSC, JKSSB, Police, Defence, Teaching and other competitive examinations.
Question #101
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Which scientist is known as the 'Father of Modern Geology'?
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
James Hutton is regarded as the Father of Modern Geology because he proposed the concept of uniformitarianism, which states that present geological processes operated similarly in the past.
James Hutton is regarded as the Father of Modern Geology because he proposed the concept of uniformitarianism, which states that present geological processes operated similarly in the past.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #102
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The theory of 'Uniformitarianism' was proposed by:
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
James Hutton proposed Uniformitarianism, explaining that geological processes occurring today also operated in the geological past.
James Hutton proposed Uniformitarianism, explaining that geological processes occurring today also operated in the geological past.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #103
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Which mineral is the hardest according to Mohs scale?
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Diamond ranks 10 on the Mohs hardness scale and is the hardest naturally occurring mineral.
Diamond ranks 10 on the Mohs hardness scale and is the hardest naturally occurring mineral.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #104
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Quartz has a hardness of:
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Quartz has a hardness value of 7 on the Mohs scale and is one of the most common minerals in Earth's crust.
Quartz has a hardness value of 7 on the Mohs scale and is one of the most common minerals in Earth's crust.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #105
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Which rock is known as the 'Parent Rock'?
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Igneous rocks are called parent rocks because all other rock types are ultimately derived from them.
Igneous rocks are called parent rocks because all other rock types are ultimately derived from them.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #106
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Coal is an example of:
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Coal is formed from accumulated plant remains and is classified as an organic sedimentary rock.
Coal is formed from accumulated plant remains and is classified as an organic sedimentary rock.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #107
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Slate is formed from the metamorphism of:
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Slate is a fine-grained metamorphic rock formed when shale undergoes heat and pressure.
Slate is a fine-grained metamorphic rock formed when shale undergoes heat and pressure.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #108
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The Richter Scale is used to measure:
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The Richter Scale measures the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
The Richter Scale measures the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #109
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The Mercalli Scale measures:
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The Mercalli Scale measures the observed effects and intensity of an earthquake.
The Mercalli Scale measures the observed effects and intensity of an earthquake.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #110
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Which type of volcano has broad gentle slopes?
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Shield volcanoes are formed by fluid lava flows and have broad, gently sloping sides.
Shield volcanoes are formed by fluid lava flows and have broad, gently sloping sides.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #111
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Mauna Loa of Hawaii is an example of:
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Mauna Loa is the world's largest active shield volcano located in Hawaii.
Mauna Loa is the world's largest active shield volcano located in Hawaii.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #112
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The study of landforms is called:
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Geomorphology is the branch of geography that studies landforms and the processes shaping them.
Geomorphology is the branch of geography that studies landforms and the processes shaping them.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #113
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Which landform is formed by wind deposition?
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Sand dunes are formed when wind deposits sand particles in desert and coastal regions.
Sand dunes are formed when wind deposits sand particles in desert and coastal regions.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #114
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Loess deposits are formed by:
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Loess consists of fine wind-blown silt deposits found in many parts of the world.
Loess consists of fine wind-blown silt deposits found in many parts of the world.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #115
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A mushroom rock is formed by:
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Wind erosion near the base of rocks creates mushroom-shaped landforms in deserts.
Wind erosion near the base of rocks creates mushroom-shaped landforms in deserts.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #116
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An ox-bow lake is formed due to:
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Ox-bow lakes form when a river cuts off a meander loop from its main channel.
Ox-bow lakes form when a river cuts off a meander loop from its main channel.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #117
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Which stage of a river is characterized by waterfalls and rapids?
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The youthful stage of a river has steep gradients, waterfalls, and rapid erosion.
The youthful stage of a river has steep gradients, waterfalls, and rapid erosion.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #118
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Natural levees are formed by:
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Natural levees are raised banks formed by the deposition of sediments during floods.
Natural levees are raised banks formed by the deposition of sediments during floods.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #119
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A fjord is a:
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Fjords are deep, narrow sea inlets formed by submerged glacial valleys.
Fjords are deep, narrow sea inlets formed by submerged glacial valleys.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
Question #120
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Drumlins are associated with:
Correct Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Drumlins are elongated hills formed by glacial deposition beneath moving ice sheets.
Drumlins are elongated hills formed by glacial deposition beneath moving ice sheets.
This question belongs to:
Geography GK
Physical Geography
