In the reaction 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO, magnesium is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass (Graham's law). Lighter gases diffuse faster. Molar masses: NH₃ = 17, N₂ = 28, O₂ = 32, CO₂ = 44 g/mol. Therefore NH₃ has the lowest molar mass and diffuses fastest. This law also explains why the smell of perfume spreads quickly. NH₃ is lighter than air and would rise.

Explanation:
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron with chromium (minimum 10.5%), often nickel, and sometimes molybdenum. Chromium forms a passive oxide layer (Cr₂O₃) that prevents rusting. Brass is Cu + Zn. Bronze is Cu + Sn. Solder is Pb + Sn. Stainless steel is used in kitchen utensils, surgical instruments, and architecture. The most common type is 304 stainless (18% Cr, 8% Ni).

Explanation:
High-concentration H₂O₂ (e.g., 80-90%) decomposes rapidly in the presence of a catalyst to produce superheated steam and oxygen: 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂ + heat. This generates high-pressure gas used for propulsion (monopropellant) or as oxidizer in bipropellant systems. It is not a fuel; it provides oxygen for combustion. It must be handled carefully due to instability.