Methanol (CH₃OH) was historically produced by destructive distillation of wood, hence called wood alcohol. Ethanol is grain alcohol (from fermentation). Rubbing alcohol is isopropanol or denatured ethanol. Denatured alcohol is ethanol with added methanol or other substances to make it undrinkable. Methanol is toxic, used as solvent, fuel, and antifreeze.
Explanation:
Hydrogen has about 150 kJ/g (highest). Petrol ~47 kJ/g, coal ~25-35 kJ/g, cow dung cake ~8 kJ/g. Hydrogen produces only water on combustion and is a clean fuel.
Explanation:
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a strong oxidizing agent that kills microorganisms through oxidative damage and bleaches colored substances. It is used as a disinfectant (3% solution), in hair bleaching, and in the paper textile industry. Ethanol is a disinfectant but not a strong bleaching agent. Methanol is toxic, not used for sterilization. Acetone is a solvent.
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