The dry adiabatic lapse rate is approximately 1°C per 100 meters (or 10°C per kilometer). This is the rate at which a dry parcel of air cools as it rises.
Explanation:
The polar jet stream forms due to the strong temperature contrast between polar air and tropical air, creating a steep pressure gradient and strong winds, which are then deflected by the Coriolis force.
Explanation:
Rain shadow deserts form when mountains block moisture-laden winds from reaching the leeward side. As air rises over the mountains, it cools and releases precipitation on the windward side, leaving the leeward side dry.
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