The modern periodic table is based on: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Ernest Rutherford, along with his students Geiger and Marsden, conducted the famous gold foil experiment in 1911. By observing that a few alpha particles bounced back, he concluded that the atom has a small, dense, positively charged center called the nucleus.

Explanation:
Teflon is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymerized from tetrafluoroethene (CF₂=CF₂). CH₂=CH₂ gives polythene; CH₂=CHCl gives PVC; CH₂=CH-C₆H₅ (styrene) gives polystyrene. The C-F bond is extremely strong, giving Teflon its chemical inertness and thermal stability.

Explanation:
Ernest Rutherford is generally credited with the discovery of the proton in 1919 through the nuclear reaction: ¹⁴N + α particle → ¹⁷O + proton. Eugen Goldstein earlier observed canal rays (positive rays) which were later identified as protons by Rutherford. Thomson discovered electron, Chadwick neutron. So Rutherford is the accepted discoverer.