The organism that causes the disease 'anthrax' is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The Loop of Henle is a U-shaped tube extending into the renal medulla. Its primary function is to concentrate the urine by creating a hyperosmotic gradient in the medullary interstitium through the counter-current multiplier mechanism. The descending limb is permeable to water but not salts, while the ascending limb is impermeable to water but actively transports salts out. This gradient allows the collecting duct to reabsorb water under the influence of ADH.

Explanation:
Photosynthesis, the process of converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose), occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically involving the thylakoid membranes and stroma. Cellular respiration, the process of breaking down glucose to release ATP for cellular work, occurs primarily in the mitochondria of both plant and animal cells. Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of the plant, primarily through the stomata on the leaves, not through the roots (which absorb water). Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
About 70% CO₂ is carried as bicarbonate. The main stimulus is high CO₂; external respiration is in lungs; diaphragm moves downward (contracts) during inhalation.