The process of heating an ore strongly in the presence of excess air is called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Biofuels, such as bioethanol and biodiesel, are derived from recent biological materials (biomass) and can be replenished, making them renewable. Biodiesel is specifically produced through transesterification, a chemical reaction where vegetable oils or animal fats react with an alcohol (like methanol) to form fatty acid methyl esters.

Explanation:
Across a period, nuclear charge increases while electrons are added to the same shell, leading to stronger attraction, so atomic radius decreases and ionization energy generally increases (with some exceptions like N to O due to half-filled stability). Metallic character decreases, non-metallic character increases. Electron affinity becomes more negative (increases in magnitude). Exam note: Ionization energy trend: Increases across period, decreases down group.

Explanation:
Saponification is the alkaline hydrolysis of fats or oils (which are esters of fatty acids) using a strong base like NaOH or KOH. This reaction produces glycerol and the sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids, which are soaps. It is an irreversible reaction.