Explanation:
The maximum height H = (u^2 * sin^2(theta)) / 2g. The horizontal range R = (u^2 * sin(2theta)) / g. For an angle of 45 degrees, sin(45) = 1/sqrt(2) and sin(90) = 1. H = (u^2 * 0.5) / 2g = u^2 / 4g. R = u^2 / g. Therefore, H/R = (u^2/4g) / (u^2/g) = 1/4. The ratio is 1:4.
Explanation:
Superconductivity occurs in certain materials below a critical temperature T_c, where electrical resistance drops abruptly to zero, and magnetic fields are expelled (Meissner effect). Option B describes insulators; C and D are unrelated. Memory aid: 'Superconductor: R=0 below T_c; perfect diamagnetism'. This modern physics concept is frequently tested in competitive exams. Always distinguish superconductivity (zero resistance) from perfect conductivity (theoretical limit); real superconductors exhibit Meissner effect, a defining property.
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