B. Contains genes from another species introduced by genetic engineering
C. Is a clone
D. Has undergone natural mutation
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Transgenic organisms carry a foreign gene (transgene) deliberately inserted into their genome using recombinant DNA technology. Example: transgenic mice with human genes for disease modeling. GMO is broader, but transgenic specifically involves genes from different species. Cloning copies genome, cross-breeding is within species.
Assertion (A): The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by a stalk.
Reason (R): This connection allows the hypothalamus to control pituitary hormone secretion.
A.A false, R true.
B.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.
C.A true, R false.
D.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
Explanation:
The infundibulum connects them, and hypothalamic releasing/inhibiting hormones travel to the anterior pituitary; posterior pituitary stores hypothalamic hormones. R correctly explains A.
Explanation:
Enterokinase (enteropeptidase) is secreted by the intestinal mucosa and activates the pancreatic proenzyme trypsinogen to trypsin, which then activates other zymogens. Pepsin is active in the stomach, renin is a milk-curdling enzyme (chymosin), carboxypeptidase is a pancreatic protease. This cascade ensures that protein-digesting enzymes are activated only in the appropriate location to prevent autodigestion.
Explanation:
Isoelectric focusing (IEF) separates proteins in a pH gradient according to their isoelectric point (pI), the pH at which a protein has no net charge and stops migrating. SDS-PAGE separates by size, Western blotting detects specific proteins after separation, PCR amplifies DNA. IEF is often used in 2D gel electrophoresis.
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