Explanation:
Fuse is a safety device with a wire that melts when current exceeds rated value, breaking the circuit and preventing damage from overcurrent/short circuits. It operates on Joule heating (I²R). Option A is opposite; C describes capacitor; D describes rectifier. Memory tip: 'Fuse = sacrificial overcurrent protector'. This practical application question tests knowledge of electrical safety devices, frequently examined in competitive exams. Always link fuse rating to circuit requirements: fuse current rating slightly above normal operating current.
Explanation:
Efficiency η = useful work output / total work input = useful power output / total power input, since power = work/time. Both definitions are equivalent for steady operation. Efficiency is always < 1 (or
Explanation:
Newton's law of gravitation: F = G·m₁m₂/r². Thus force is directly proportional to the product of the masses (m₁m₂) and inversely proportional to square of distance (r²). Option D incorrectly states 'directly proportional to square of distance' – it's inverse square. This fundamental law governs celestial mechanics. Memory tip: 'F ∝ m₁m₂ and F ∝ 1/r²'. Competitive exams often test precise wording of physical laws; distractors may reverse proportionality or misstate dependencies. Always recall the exact mathematical form.
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