The vitamin that is required for the synthesis of collagen is:
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin K
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Vitamin C is a cofactor for enzymes that hydroxylate proline and lysine in procollagen, essential for proper collagen triple helix formation. Deficiency results in weak collagen and scurvy. Vitamin A is for vision, D for calcium, K for clotting.
Explanation:
Most bacteria possess a single circular double-stranded DNA molecule located in the nucleoid region. Some bacteria may also have linear chromosomes or multiple chromosomes, but the typical prokaryotic chromosome is circular. Eukaryotes have linear chromosomes. Plasmids are small, circular extra-chromosomal DNA in bacteria.
Assertion (A): Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots.
Reason (R): The fungus provides water and minerals to the plant and receives sugars in return.
A.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.
B.A false, R true.
C.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.
Explanation:
Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient and water uptake for plants, and the fungus benefits from photosynthetic carbohydrates. It’s a mutualistic symbiosis. R correctly explains A.
Explanation:
Pulmonary ventilation is the mechanical process of moving air in (inspiration) and out (expiration), which is breathing. R correctly defines it.
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