TIR: denser→rarer medium AND incidence angle > critical angle. Glass to air satisfies first condition; angle must exceed θ_c. Memory aid: 'TIR: n₁>n₂ AND i>θ_c; direction matters'. Optics condition frequently tested in competitive exams.
Explanation:
Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction in 1831. He demonstrated that a changing magnetic field could induce an electric current in a nearby circuit. This groundbreaking discovery laid the foundation for all modern electric generators and transformers. Tesla contributed to AC systems, Edison to DC systems, and Hertz proved the existence of radio waves.
Explanation:
A Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) serves the same safety function as a fuse: breaking the circuit during an overload or short circuit. However, unlike a fuse wire that melts and must be physically replaced, an MCB contains an electromechanical mechanism that trips the switch. It can simply be switched back on to restore power.
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