Which of the following is a bacterial disease? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Which of the following is a bacterial disease?
A. AIDS
B. Typhoid
C. Malaria
D. Influenza
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Typhoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, transmitted through contaminated food and water. Influenza (flu) is a viral disease, malaria is protozoan (Plasmodium), AIDS is viral (HIV). Common bacterial diseases include cholera, tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus. Typhoid fever is characterized by prolonged fever, headache, and rose spots on the skin. Widal test is used for diagnosis.
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Question #1
The process of water loss as vapor from leaves is:
A. Evaporation
B. Guttation
C. Translocation
D. Transpiration
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Transpiration mainly occurs through stomata and drives the transpiration pull for water movement. Guttation is liquid loss, evaporation from free surface.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis is mainly located in the:
A. Stroma
B. Thylakoid membrane
C. Cell wall
D. Cytoplasm
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments are embedded in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, where they participate in light-dependent reactions. The stroma contains enzymes for the Calvin cycle. The cell wall and cytoplasm are not sites of photosynthesis.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The organelle that contains enzymes for intracellular digestion is the:
A. Peroxisome
B. Chloroplast
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondria
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicles packed with hydrolytic enzymes (proteases, lipases, nucleases) that digest macromolecules, old organelles, and engulfed pathogens. They maintain an acidic pH (about 5.0) for optimal enzyme activity. Peroxisomes detoxify peroxides, mitochondria generate ATP, chloroplasts perform photosynthesis.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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