Which of the following is a renewable fuel source?
A. Natural gas
B. Coal
C. Petroleum
D. Biofuel
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Biofuels like ethanol (from sugarcane), biodiesel (from plant oils), and biogas (from organic waste) are renewable as they can be replenished within a human lifespan. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are fossil fuels, formed over millions of years, and are non-renewable. Using renewable fuels helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Another renewable fuel is hydrogen produced from water electrolysis using solar power.
Explanation:
Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with no mass and no charge, thus they interact least with matter and have the highest penetrating power. Alpha particles (He nuclei) are stopped by paper. Beta particles (electrons) can be stopped by aluminum. Gamma requires thick lead or concrete.
Explanation:
Across period 3, nuclear charge increases (Na: 11+, Cl: 17+) while electrons are added to the same shell. The increased attraction pulls electrons closer, decreasing radius. Na has larger radius despite having fewer electrons.
Explanation:
Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) sublimes on heating—it directly converts from solid to vapor without passing through the liquid phase—while common salt (NaCl) remains as a solid residue. This property allows separation by sublimation. Filtration would not work because both are soluble in water, distillation is for liquids, and chromatography separates dissolved substances based on differential adsorption. Lab tip: NH₄Cl vapors condense on the cool funnel to give solid sublimate.
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