Explanation:
In the Contact process, the key catalytic step is oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃ using V₂O₅ (vanadium pentoxide) catalyst at 450°C: 2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃. Sulfur burning is non-catalytic. The SO₃ is absorbed in 98% H₂SO₄ to form oleum (H₂S₂O₇), then diluted to get concentrated H₂SO₄. Direct dissolution of SO₃ in water is avoided due to mist formation.
Explanation:
Synthetic detergents are primarily sodium salts of long-chain alkyl benzene sulphonic acids or alkyl hydrogen sulphates. Unlike soaps (which are carboxylate salts), detergents do not form insoluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water, making them effective cleansers.
Explanation:
Sodium reacts vigorously with moisture and oxygen in air, so it is stored under kerosene to prevent contact. Potassium, lithium are similarly stored. Iron, zinc, copper do not require such storage.
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