Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent based on standard reduction potentials?
A. Zn2+ (E° = -0.76 V)
B. Cu2+ (E° = +0.34 V)
C. F2 (E° = +2.87 V)
D. Li+ (E° = -3.05 V)
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The standard reduction potential (E°) indicates the tendency of a species to gain electrons. A higher positive E° value means a greater tendency to be reduced, making it a stronger oxidizing agent. Fluorine (F2) has the highest standard reduction potential (+2.87 V), making it the strongest oxidizing agent among the choices.
Explanation:
Amylase is an enzyme (biological catalyst) that breaks down starch. Platinum, V₂O₅, and iron are inorganic chemical catalysts. Enzymes are proteins, highly specific, and work under mild conditions.
Explanation:
Reacting with metals (e.g., Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂) to produce hydrogen gas is a chemical property because new substances are formed. Sour taste is physical sensation, color change of litmus is an indicator of chemical reaction but is not itself a chemical property; reactivity is. Conductivity is physical. Chemical properties describe a substance's ability to undergo chemical change.
Explanation:
Permanent hardness is due to CaCl₂, CaSO₄, MgCl₂, MgSO₄. These do not precipitate on boiling. Temporary hardness (bicarbonates) is removed by boiling. Both can be removed by ion exchange or washing soda.
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