Which of the following reactions is an example of a Wurtz reaction?
A. CH3Cl + Na -> C2H6 + NaCl
B. CH3Cl + KOH(aq) -> CH3OH + KCl
C. 2CH3Cl + Zn -> C2H6 + ZnCl2
D. CH3Cl + KOH(alc) -> CH4 + KCl
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The Wurtz reaction involves the reaction of an alkyl halide with sodium metal in dry ether to form a higher alkane. For example, two molecules of methyl chloride react with two sodium atoms to form ethane (C2H6) and sodium chloride. It is primarily used to synthesize symmetrical alkanes with an even number of carbon atoms.
Explanation:
Redox stands for reduction-oxidation. In any redox reaction, oxidation (loss of electrons) and reduction (gain of electrons) always occur simultaneously. The substance oxidized acts as a reducing agent, and the substance reduced acts as an oxidizing agent. One cannot happen without the other.
Explanation:
Rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass (Graham's law). Lighter gases diffuse faster. Molar masses: NH₃ = 17, N₂ = 28, O₂ = 32, CO₂ = 44 g/mol. Therefore NH₃ has the lowest molar mass and diffuses fastest. This law also explains why the smell of perfume spreads quickly. NH₃ is lighter than air and would rise.
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