Which scientist proposed the 'Plum Pudding' model of the atom? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Which scientist proposed the 'Plum Pudding' model of the atom?
A. John Dalton
B. J.J. Thomson
C. Ernest Rutherford
D. Niels Bohr
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
J.J. Thomson proposed the 'Plum Pudding' model in 1904 after discovering the electron. He envisioned the atom as a sphere of positive charge with negatively charged electrons embedded within it, like plums in a pudding. This was later disproved by Rutherford's gold foil experiment.
This question belongs to: Science chemistry

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Question #1
Who is credited with the discovery of the atomic nucleus through the gold foil experiment?
A. Ernest Rutherford
B. John Dalton
C. James Chadwick
D. J. J. Thomson
Discuss

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Ernest Rutherford, in 1911, along with Geiger and Marsden, bombarded a thin gold foil with alpha particles. Most passed through, some were deflected at large angles, leading to the nuclear model of the atom—a small, dense, positively charged nucleus with electrons around it. Thomson's plum pudding model predicted no large deflections. Chadwick discovered neutron.
This question belongs to: Science chemistry
Question #2
The reaction CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ is a:
A. Decomposition
B. Displacement
C. Redox
D. Combination
Discuss

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Two reactants combine to form a single product, so combination (also called synthesis). No oxidation state change, so not redox. Decomposition is opposite.
This question belongs to: Science chemistry
Question #3
The calorific value of a fuel is defined as:
A. The amount of heat produced by complete combustion of 1 kg of fuel.
B. The amount of oxygen required for combustion.
C. The total amount of fuel available.
D. The temperature at which the fuel catches fire.
Discuss

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Calorific value is the amount of heat energy produced on the complete combustion of 1 kg (or 1 m³ for gases) of a fuel. It is expressed in kJ/kg or kJ/m³. Hydrogen has the highest calorific value among common fuels, making it a highly efficient energy source.
This question belongs to: Science chemistry
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