Statistics MCQs

Accountancy and Statistics

Statistics MCQs

Practice complete Statistics MCQs covering Primary & Secondary Data, Data Collection Methods, Questionnaire, Tabulation & Compilation of Data, Measures of Central Tendency, Probability, Theory of Attributes, Index Numbers, Demography, Census, Vital Statistics, Fertility Measures, and all other important topics. Includes chapter-wise and exam-oriented multiple choice questions with detailed answers and explanations for JKSSB, SSC, Banking, UPSC, CUET, University, and other competitive exams.

1318
Total Questions

Practice Questions

Page 62 of 66
Question #1221
Wholesale Price Index (WPI) in India currently uses which base year?
A. 2011-12
B. 2020-21
C. 2015-16
D. 2004-05
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
As of recent revisions, India's WPI uses 2011-12 as the base year (index=100), updated periodically by the Office of Economic Advisor, Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1222
Consumer Price Index (CPI) combines prices of goods and services based on:
A. Household consumption expenditure patterns
B. Wholesale market transactions
C. Export-import price data
D. Government procurement prices
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
CPI weights items according to their share in average household consumption expenditure, derived from consumer expenditure surveys, to reflect the cost of living for typical families.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1223
Population growth rate is calculated as:
A. Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate
B. (Births + Immigration - Deaths - Emigration) / Mid-year population × 100
C. (Births - Deaths) / Mid-year population × 100
D. Both B and C are correct
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Natural growth rate = CBR - CDR (per 1,000); overall growth rate includes net migration. Both formulations are used, with B being comprehensive and C focusing on natural increase.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1224
A key limitation of Crude Birth Rate is that it:
A. Requires detailed survey data
B. Cannot be calculated from census data
C. Does not account for the age-sex structure of the population
D. Includes stillbirths
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
CBR uses total population in the denominator, so populations with more women of reproductive age will have higher CBR even if age-specific fertility is identical, limiting comparability.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1225
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 1.8 in a developed country suggests:
A. Population is below replacement level
B. Population will grow rapidly
C. Migration is the only growth source
D. Fertility is increasing
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Replacement-level TFR is ~2.1 in low-mortality settings; TFR=1.8 indicates each generation of women has fewer daughters than needed for replacement, leading to eventual population decline without immigration.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1226
Perinatal Mortality Rate is particularly useful for evaluating:
A. Chronic disease management
B. Long-term elderly care
C. Adolescent health programs
D. Quality of antenatal and intrapartum care
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Perinatal mortality (late fetal + early neonatal deaths) is closely linked to obstetric care quality, making it a key metric for assessing maternal and newborn health services around childbirth.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1227
Life tables are primarily used to calculate:
A. Fertility rates
B. Migration rates
C. Economic dependency ratios
D. Life expectancy and survival probabilities
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Life tables summarize age-specific mortality to compute life expectancy at various ages, probability of survival, and other demographic measures essential for actuarial and population studies.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1228
Direct standardization of death rates requires:
A. Total deaths and population for both groups
B. Crude death rates of both populations
C. Age-specific death rates of the study population and age distribution of a standard population
D. Fertility data for adjustment
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Direct standardization applies the study population's age-specific death rates to a standard age structure to compute a hypothetical crude rate, enabling comparison free from age composition effects.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1229
If two distributions have the same mean but different standard deviations, which statement is TRUE?
A. They have identical shapes
B. Their medians must be equal
C. The one with larger SD has more spread around the mean
D. Their modes must be equal
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Standard deviation measures dispersion; a larger SD indicates greater variability of observations around the mean, regardless of the mean's value or distribution shape.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1230
The geometric mean is undefined for datasets containing:
A. Values greater than 100
B. More than 10 observations
C. Non-integer values
D. Zero or negative values
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Geometric mean involves multiplying values and taking the nth root; zero makes the product zero, and negative values can yield complex roots, so it is only defined for positive numbers.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1231
In a symmetric distribution, the mean, median, and mode are:
A. Mean = Median, mode may differ
B. Unrelated
C. All three coincide for unimodal symmetric distributions
D. Always equal
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
For a unimodal symmetric distribution (e.g., normal), the mean, median, and mode all lie at the center of symmetry; multimodal symmetric distributions may have multiple modes.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1232
In a 2×2 table, if (AB)=100, (Aβ)=150, (αB)=200, (αβ)=250, the total N is:
A. 900
B. 700
C. 800
D. 600
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
N = sum of all ultimate class frequencies = 100 + 150 + 200 + 250 = 700. This is the total population classified by the two attributes.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1233
Yule's coefficient of association Q is calculated using frequencies from a:
A. Scatter plot
B. 2×2 contingency table for two binary attributes
C. Time series data
D. Frequency distribution table
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Yule's Q = [(AB)(αβ) - (Aβ)(αB)] / [(AB)(αβ) + (Aβ)(αB)], requiring the four cell frequencies of a 2×2 table cross-classifying two dichotomous attributes.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1234
Fisher's ideal index satisfies the factor reversal test because:
A. Its price and quantity index product equals the value index
B. It is the arithmetic mean of Laspeyres and Paasche
C. It ignores quantity changes
D. It uses base period weights
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Fisher's index is designed so that (Fisher price index) × (Fisher quantity index) = Σp₁q₁/Σp₀q₀ (value index), fulfilling the factor reversal test for consistency between price and quantity measures.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1235
Chain base index numbers are calculated by:
A. Using the previous period as base for each link
B. Using geometric mean of prices only
C. Fixing one base period for all comparisons
D. Averaging fixed base indices
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Chain indices compute period-to-period changes (e.g., 2021/2020, 2022/2021) and chain them multiplicatively, allowing flexibility but complicating long-term interpretation due to changing bases.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1236
The primary purpose of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is to measure:
A. Producer cost inflation
B. Export price competitiveness
C. Wholesale market price trends
D. Changes in the retail prices of a fixed basket of consumer goods and services
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
CPI tracks the average price change over time for a representative basket of goods and services purchased by households, serving as the main gauge of consumer inflation.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1237
Cost of Living Index adjustments are most relevant for:
A. Wage negotiations and social security benefits
B. International trade agreements
C. Corporate profit calculations
D. Stock market investments
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Cost of Living Indices inform wage indexation, pension adjustments, and welfare benefits to maintain purchasing power amid inflation, directly impacting household economic security.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1238
In demography, 'population momentum' refers to:
A. Sudden increase in life expectancy
B. Continued population growth after fertility reaches replacement level due to young age structure
C. Mass migration events
D. Rapid urbanization
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Population momentum occurs when a young age structure (many future parents) causes growth to continue for decades even after fertility falls to replacement level, as births exceed deaths temporarily.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1239
A census is typically conducted at what interval in most countries?
A. Every 20 years
B. Every 10 years
C. Every 5 years
D. Every year
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Most nations, including India and the USA, conduct a full population census decennially (every 10 years) to balance comprehensiveness with cost and logistical feasibility.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1240
Vital registration systems are most effective when they are:
A. Based on sample surveys
B. Compulsory, universal, and continuous
C. Voluntary and decentralized
D. Limited to urban areas
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Effective vital registration requires legal mandate for reporting all births/deaths, nationwide coverage, and ongoing operation to provide complete, timely data for demographic analysis and policy.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics

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