Statistics MCQs

Accountancy and Statistics

Statistics MCQs

Practice complete Statistics MCQs covering Primary & Secondary Data, Data Collection Methods, Questionnaire, Tabulation & Compilation of Data, Measures of Central Tendency, Probability, Theory of Attributes, Index Numbers, Demography, Census, Vital Statistics, Fertility Measures, and all other important topics. Includes chapter-wise and exam-oriented multiple choice questions with detailed answers and explanations for JKSSB, SSC, Banking, UPSC, CUET, University, and other competitive exams.

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Practice Questions

Page 66 of 66
Question #1301
Cost of Living Index differs from general CPI by:
A. Using wholesale prices
B. Excluding services
C. Including only food items
D. Tailoring the consumption basket to specific population groups (e.g., industrial workers)
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Cost of Living Indices are specialized CPIs with baskets weighted according to the expenditure patterns of particular demographic groups, providing more relevant inflation measures for targeted policy adjustments.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1302
In demography, 'dependency ratio' is calculated as:
A. (Population aged 0-14 + 65+) / Population aged 15-64 × 100
B. Births / Deaths × 100
C. Urban population / Rural population × 100
D. Literates / Illiterates × 100
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Dependency ratio = (Young dependents + Old dependents) / Working-age population × 100, indicating the economic burden on the productive population to support non-working groups.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1303
A census provides data that is:
A. Updated continuously
B. Complete enumeration with no sampling error (but possible non-sampling errors)
C. Sample-based and subject to sampling error
D. Only qualitative in nature
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Census aims to count every individual, eliminating sampling error; however, it may still have non-sampling errors like coverage error, response error, or processing mistakes.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1304
Vital statistics are essential for calculating which of the following?
A. Life expectancy
B. Gross Domestic Product
C. Poverty headcount ratio
D. Literacy rate
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Life expectancy is derived from life tables constructed using age-specific death rates, which rely on vital statistics data on deaths and population by age.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1305
Crude Birth Rate is expressed per 1,000 population to:
A. Match international standards
B. Align with death rate calculation
C. Convert the rate to a convenient whole number scale
D. Simplify arithmetic
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Using a base of 1,000 transforms small proportions (e.g., 0.02) into whole numbers (20), enhancing readability and comparability across populations without altering the underlying rate.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1306
General Fertility Rate (GFR) is more refined than Crude Birth Rate because it:
A. Includes stillbirths
B. Uses only women of reproductive age in the denominator
C. Is easier to calculate
D. Adjusts for infant mortality
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
GFR restricts the denominator to women aged 15-49, the biologically relevant group for childbearing, providing a more accurate measure of fertility intensity than CBR's total population denominator.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1307
Age-Specific Fertility Rate for 30-34 years is 100 per 1,000 women. This implies that:
A. Women in this group have 100 children on average
B. 10% of women in this age group give birth annually
C. For every 1,000 women aged 30-34, there are 100 live births in a year
D. This age group contributes 100 to the TFR
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
ASFR = (Births to women in age group / Women in age group) × 1,000. An ASFR of 100 means 100 annual births per 1,000 women aged 30-34, reflecting age-specific fertility behavior.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1308
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.5 indicates that, on average, women are having:
A. 2.5 children
B. 2.5 times the replacement level
C. 2.5 births per year
D. 2.5 daughters
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
TFR estimates the average number of children a woman would have over her lifetime if she experienced current age-specific fertility rates; TFR=2.5 means 2.5 children per woman.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1309
Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR) focuses exclusively on:
A. Male births
B. Total births
C. Stillbirths
D. Female births
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
GRR sums age-specific fertility rates for female births only, measuring the average number of daughters per woman, which is crucial for analyzing female population replacement.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1310
Net Reproduction Rate (NRR) of 1.2 implies that:
A. Fertility is below replacement
B. Population will decline
C. Each generation of women is more than replacing itself
D. Mortality has increased
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
NRR > 1 means that, accounting for female mortality, a cohort of women has more than one daughter surviving to reproductive age on average, indicating potential population growth in the absence of migration.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1311
Crude Death Rate is least appropriate for comparing mortality between:
A. Two districts with similar age structures
B. Urban and rural areas of the same region
C. A country with young population and one with old population
D. Consecutive years in the same population
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
CDR is heavily influenced by age structure; comparing a young population (low CDR) with an old one (high CDR) can misrepresent true mortality differences, necessitating age-standardized rates.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1312
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of 30 per 1,000 live births means:
A. Life expectancy is 30 years
B. 30 out of every 1,000 newborns die before their first birthday
C. 3% of infants die before age 1
D. 30 mothers die per 1,000 births
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
IMR = (Infant deaths / Live births) × 1,000. An IMR of 30 indicates 30 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, a key indicator of child health and healthcare system performance.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1313
Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is expressed per 100,000 live births to:
A. Match infant mortality rate units
B. Align with census data
C. Avoid very small numbers for a relatively rare event
D. Simplify calculation
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Maternal deaths are uncommon; using 100,000 as the base yields manageable numbers (e.g., 100-500) instead of tiny decimals, facilitating interpretation and cross-country comparison.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1314
Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) specifically covers deaths in the first:
A. 7 days
B. 30 days
C. 28 days
D. 24 hours
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
NMR = (Deaths under 28 days / Live births) × 1,000. The neonatal period (0-27 days) is critical for newborn survival, with causes often related to birth complications or prematurity.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1315
Perinatal Mortality Rate includes stillbirths from which gestational age?
A. 24 weeks
B. 28 weeks
C. 20 weeks
D. 32 weeks
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Per WHO definition, perinatal mortality includes late fetal deaths (stillbirths) from 28 completed weeks of gestation and early neonatal deaths (first 7 days), capturing risks around birth.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1316
Life expectancy at birth is calculated using:
A. Fertility rates
B. Crude death rate only
C. Age-specific death rates in a life table
D. Infant mortality rate
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Life expectancy is derived from a life table that uses age-specific death rates to compute survival probabilities and average remaining lifetime for a hypothetical cohort.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1317
Standardized Death Rate (SDR) is calculated to:
A. Replace the need for vital registration
B. Enable fair comparison of mortality between populations with different age structures
C. Increase the crude death rate
D. Focus only on infant deaths
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
SDR applies age-specific death rates to a standard population age distribution, removing the confounding effect of age composition to reveal true differences in mortality risk.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics
Question #1318
Direct standardization of death rates requires age-specific death rates for:
A. Both study and standard populations
B. The study population only
C. Neither; crude rates suffice
D. The standard population only
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Direct standardization uses the study population's age-specific death rates applied to the standard population's age structure; thus, only the study population's age-specific rates are needed.
This question belongs to: Accountancy and Statistics Statistics

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