DNA fingerprinting relies on the variation in which type of DNA sequences?
A. Exons
B. Mitochondrial DNA
C. Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs)
D. Introns
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
DNA fingerprinting (DNA profiling) is a technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA patterns. It primarily relies on the analysis of Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) or Short Tandem Repeats (STRs), which are highly polymorphic, non-coding, repetitive DNA sequences that vary greatly in length and number between individuals.
Explanation:
Each kidney contains about one million nephrons, each consisting of a renal corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's capsule) and tubules (PCT, loop of Henle, DCT).
Explanation:
Vitamin B₁₂ contains cobalt, hence the name cobalamin. It is involved in DNA synthesis, red blood cell maturation, and nervous system maintenance. Deficiency leads to pernicious anemia and neurological disorders.
Explanation:
Enterokinase (enteropeptidase) is secreted by the intestinal mucosa and activates the pancreatic proenzyme trypsinogen to trypsin, which then activates other zymogens. Pepsin is active in the stomach, renin is a milk-curdling enzyme (chymosin), carboxypeptidase is a pancreatic protease. This cascade ensures that protein-digesting enzymes are activated only in the appropriate location to prevent autodigestion.
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