During electrolysis, the amount of substance deposited depends on the quantity of electricity passed. This is:
A. Graham's law
B. Ohm's law
C. Faraday's second law
D. Faraday's first law
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Faraday's first law of electrolysis: Mass of substance deposited or liberated is proportional to the charge passed (m = ZQ). Z is electrochemical equivalent. Second law relates masses of different substances to equivalent weights for same charge. Ohm's law is V=IR, Graham's law for diffusion. Faraday's laws are quantitative.
Explanation:
Ionization energy (IE) is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state to form a cation. A(g) → A⁺(g) + e⁻. Adding an electron is electron affinity. IE is an indicator of reactivity. Metals have low IE, non-metals high IE.
Explanation:
Fluorine is the most electronegative element (Pauling scale 3.98). Electronegativity increases across a period and decreases down a group. Hence F > O > Cl > N.
Explanation:
The diagonal relationship occurs when elements in the second period resemble elements in the third period of the next group due to similar ionic sizes and charge-to-radius ratios (polarizing power). Li-Mg, Be-Al, and B-Si are all classic examples of this phenomenon.
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