In the human body, the 'Islets of Langerhans' are found in the: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
In the human body, the 'Islets of Langerhans' are found in the:
A. Liver
B. Kidneys
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
The Islets of Langerhans are the endocrine (hormone-producing) portions of the pancreas. They are clusters of cells scattered throughout the pancreatic tissue, comprising about 1-2% of the pancreas's mass. They contain several cell types, primarily alpha cells (secreting glucagon), beta cells (secreting insulin), delta cells (secreting somatostatin), and F cells (secreting pancreatic polypeptide). These hormones are crucial for regulating blood glucose levels.
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Question #1
Consider statements about the endocrine system: 1. The pituitary gland is called the master gland. 2. The thyroid gland secretes calcitonin. 3. The adrenal medulla secretes cortisol. Which are correct?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1 and 2 only
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The pituitary gland is termed the master gland because it secretes hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin, which regulates blood calcium. The adrenal cortex secretes cortisol (a glucocorticoid), while the adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Which of the following defines a biological species?
A. Organisms having similar physical appearances
B. Organisms living in the same habitat
C. Organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
D. Organisms sharing the same genetic code
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
A biological species is defined as a group of potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups and produce fertile offspring. Physical similarity or shared habitat does not guarantee species status, as reproductive isolation is the key criterion.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The scientist who developed the oral polio vaccine was:
A. Albert Sabin
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Edward Jenner
D. Jonas Salk
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Albert Sabin developed the attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV), which is easier to administer and provides intestinal immunity. Salk developed the inactivated vaccine (IPV).
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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