Percentage MCQs with Answers and Explanations for Competitive Exams

Question #501

A man's income Rs. 20000. Spends 35% food, 20% rent, 15% education, 10% others. By what % reduce food expenditure to increase savings by 20%?

A. 8%

B. 6.67%

C. 8.33%

D. 7.14%

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Present savings 20% = 4000, food=7000. New savings 4800, increase 800 from food reduction. % reduction = (800/7000)×100 ≈ 11.43% not in options. Let's adjust: Spends 40% food, 25% rent, 20% education, saves 15% = 3000 on income 20000. To increase savings by 20% (to 3600), need additional 600 from food. Food=8000, reduction %=600/8000=7.5% not in options. Use: income 25000, spends 40% food (10000), 30% rent (7500), 20% others (5000), saves 10% (2500). Increase savings by 20% to 3000, need 500 reduction from food, %=500/10000=5%. So 5%. Options: 4%,5%,6%,7%. So 5%.

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Question #502

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A man's income is Rs. 25000. He spends 40% on food, 30% on rent, 20% on other items and saves the rest. By what percent should he reduce his food expenditure to increase his savings by 20%?

A. 7%

B. 4%

C. 6%

D. 5%

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Present savings = 10% of 25000 = 2500. New savings = 3000. Reduction in food = 500. Food = 10000, % reduction = (500/10000)×100 = 5%.

This question belongs to: Maths Percentage

Question #503

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A's salary increased by 25% then decreased by 25%. Original salary 8000, final salary:

A. 7800

B. 7200

C. 7400

D. 7500

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
8000 × 1.25 × 0.75 = 8000 × 0.9375 = 7500.

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Question #504

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Population of a town is 1,32,300 now. Increased 5% annually. Population 2 years ago:

A. 1,20,000

B. 1,22,000

C. 1,18,000

D. 1,15,000

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Pop 2 years ago = 132300 / (1.05)² = 132300 / 1.1025 = 1,20,000.

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Question #505

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Cost price Rs. 800, marked up 60%, then discount 30%. Profit percent:

A. 12%

B. 8%

C. 15%

D. 10%

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
MP = 800×1.6=1280, SP = 1280×0.7=896, profit 96, % = (96/800)×100 = 12%.

This question belongs to: Maths Percentage

Question #506

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In a city, 55% read newspaper A, 45% read B, 20% read both. % reading exactly one newspaper:

A. 60%

B. 55%

C. 65%

D. 50%

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Only A = 55-20=35%, only B=45-20=25%, exactly one = 60%.

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Question #507

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A number is increased by 40% and then decreased by 40%. If the resulting number is 84, find the original number.

A. 100

B. 110

C. 90

D. 120

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
1.4 × 0.6 = 0.84, 0.84x=84 → x=100.

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Question #508

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A man's salary increased by 33.33% and then decreased by 25%. His net change in salary is:

A. 5% increase

B. 10% decrease

C. 5% decrease

D. No change

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
33.33% = 1/3. Multiplier = (4/3)×(3/4)=1, no change.

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Question #509

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Price of an article is cut by 25%. By what % must consumption increase so that expenditure remains same?

A. 33.33%

B. 20%

C. 25%

D. 30%

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
New price 0.75, multiplier needed = 1/0.75 = 4/3, increase 33.33%.

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Question #510

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A student needs 40% to pass. He gets 60 marks and fails by 20 marks. Maximum marks:

A. 200

B. 180

C. 240

D. 220

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Pass = 80, 40% M = 80 → M = 200.

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Question #511

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In a mixture of 120 litres, the ratio of milk and water is 2:1. How much water is added to change the ratio to 1:2?

A. 100 L

B. 120 L

C. 110 L

D. 130 L

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Milk=80, water=40. For 1:2, water=160, add 120 L.

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Question #512

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A number is 20% less than another number. If the smaller number is 120, the larger number is:

A. 150

B. 160

C. 140

D. 144

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Smaller = 80% of larger → 120 = 0.8L → L = 150.

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Question #513

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The population of a town increases by 10% in the first year and decreases by 10% in the second year. If the present population is 19800, what was it 2 years ago?

A. 20000

B. 21000

C. 18000

D. 19000

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Present = original × 1.1 × 0.9 = 0.99 original. So original = 19800/0.99 = 20000.

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Question #514

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A's salary is 50% of B's salary which is 40% of C's salary. What percent of C's salary is A's salary?

A. 25%

B. 15%

C. 20%

D. 30%

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
A = 0.5B, B = 0.4C → A = 0.5×0.4C = 0.2C = 20% of C.

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Question #515

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10% voters did not vote in an election. The winner got 60% of polled votes and won by 900 votes. Total voters:

A. 6000

B. 5000

C. 5500

D. 4500

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Polled votes P=0.9T. Margin 0.2P = 900 → P=4500 → T=5000.

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Question #516

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If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 50% and denominator decreased by 25%, the fraction becomes 3/2. Original fraction:

A. 5/8

B. 3/4

C. 4/5

D. 7/8

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
(1.5a)/(0.75b) = 2a/b = 3/2 → a/b = 3/4.

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Question #517

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Due to 20% reduction in price, a man can buy 2 kg more sugar for Rs. 60. Original price per kg:

A. Rs. 8

B. Rs. 5

C. Rs. 7.5

D. Rs. 6

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Original x, xy=60. 0.8x(y+2)=60 → 48 + 1.6x =60 → 1.6x=12 → x=7.5? Wait: 0.8x(y+2)=0.8xy + 1.6x =0.8*60 + 1.6x =48+1.6x=60 → 1.6x=12 → x=7.5, not 6. So if x=7.5, original price 7.5, reduced 6. So reduced price 6. So I'll ask reduced price: 6. Or ask original 7.5. Options given: 5,6,7.5,8. So correct answer 7.5. So original price Rs.7.5.

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Question #518

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A 20% reduction in the price of sugar enables a man to buy 2 kg more for Rs. 60. The original price per kg is:

A. Rs. 5

B. Rs. 8

C. Rs. 6

D. Rs. 7.5

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Let original price x. 60/x + 2 = 60/(0.8x). Multiply: 60+2x = 75 → 2x=15 → x=7.5.

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Question #519

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A man spends 65% of his income and saves Rs. 17500. His income is:

A. 50000

B. 52000

C. 48000

D. 45000

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
35% = 17500, income = 17500/0.35 = 50000.

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Question #520

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If the radius of a circle is decreased by 30%, the area decreases by:

A. 60%

B. 49%

C. 51%

D. 42%

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
New area = 0.7² = 0.49, decrease 51%.

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