National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are examples of which type of conservation? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are examples of which type of conservation?
A. Cryopreservation
B. Ex-situ conservation
C. In-situ conservation
D. Tissue culture
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
In-situ (on-site) conservation involves the conservation of species in their natural habitats. National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves are examples of in-situ conservation. Ex-situ (off-site) conservation involves taking endangered species out of their natural habitat and placing them in special settings like zoological parks, botanical gardens, and seed banks for conservation and breeding.

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The term 'ecology' was coined by:
A. Charles Darwin
B. Ernst Haeckel
C. Gregor Mendel
D. Robert Hooke

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Ernst Haeckel, a German zoologist, coined the term 'ecology' (Ökologie) in 1866, derived from Greek 'oikos' (house) and 'logos' (study), meaning the study of organisms in relation to their environment. Darwin contributed evolution, Mendel genetics, Hooke cell theory. Ecology encompasses interactions between organisms and their abiotic and biotic environment.

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Question #2
The process by which plants synthesize food using light energy is:
A. Chemosynthesis
B. Photosynthesis
C. Respiration
D. Transpiration

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen. It occurs in chloroplasts. Respiration releases energy from organic molecules. Transpiration is water loss. Chemosynthesis uses chemical energy (by some bacteria).

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Which of the following is an X-linked recessive disorder?
A. Klinefelter syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
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Correct Answer: Option D


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Hemophilia A and B are X-linked recessive, affecting mostly males. Down syndrome is trisomy 21, Turner is XO, Klinefelter is XXY.

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