RNA interference (RNAi) is a technique used in genetic engineering to silence specific genes. In the development of nematode-resistant transgenic tobacco plants, the source of the silencing RNA was: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a technique used in genetic engineering to silence specific genes. In the development of nematode-resistant transgenic tobacco plants, the source of the silencing RNA was:

A. The plant's own genome

B. The nematode itself (Agrobacterium-mediated delivery of nematode genes)

C. A bacterium

D. A virus

Answer: Option B

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

RNAi is a cellular defense mechanism in eukaryotes that silences specific mRNA. To create nematode-resistant tobacco, scientists used Agrobacterium as a vector to introduce nematode-specific genes into the host plant. The plant then produced both sense and anti-sense RNA for these genes. The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) formed triggered the RNAi pathway, degrading the nematide's mRNA when it tried to express those essential genes inside the plant roots, killing the nematode.

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The hormone that causes the let-down of milk during breastfeeding is:

A. Oxytocin

B. Prolactin

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D. Estrogen

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Oxytocin from the posterior pituitary causes myoepithelial cells around mammary alveoli to contract, ejecting milk. Prolactin stimulates milk synthesis.

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Question #2

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The green pigment that traps light energy in plants is located in the:

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D. Nucleus

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Chlorophyll, the primary photosynthetic pigment, is embedded in the thylakoid membranes within chloroplasts. These membranes contain photosystems I and II, where light-dependent reactions occur. The stroma of the chloroplast houses the Calvin cycle enzymes. Chlorophyll absorbs mainly blue and red light, reflecting green, giving leaves their color.

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Question #3

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The fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system is called:

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Lymph is the fluid within lymphatic vessels, derived from interstitial fluid that has entered lymph capillaries. It contains white blood cells, especially lymphocytes, and transports fats (as chyle) from the intestine. Plasma is blood fluid, serum is plasma without clotting factors, tissue fluid is interstitial.

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