Statement: After collision of two vessels in the sea all the crewmen and passengers are declared as missing - A news report. Conclusions: I. No one from the two vessels has survived after the collision. II. A few persons from the two vessels may have survived and are missing. MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
I is too absolute. II contradicts the statement; 'children love ice cream' as a general statement doesn't allow 'some may dislike' if it's a universal claim. If it's taken as all children, then II contradicts; if it's a generic statement, II still cannot be deduced. Typically in reasoning, such a statement means 'all children', so II does not follow. Neither follows.

Explanation:
When there are two negative statements, no definitive positive or negative relationship can be established between the subject of the first and the predicate of the second (cat and rat). Since I and II form a complementary pair covering all possibilities, either I or II must be true.

Explanation:
Even if some pens are not pencils, those pens could still be markers (because the marker category is larger than the pencil category). Thus, I does not follow. Since all pencils are markers, some markers are definitely pencils (II follows).