The biological process that converts ammonia to nitrites and nitrates is called:
A. Nitrogen fixation
B. Ammonification
C. Denitrification
D. Nitrification
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKExamLibrary)
Nitrification is a two-step process: oxidation of ammonia to nitrites by bacteria like Nitrosomonas, and then nitrites to nitrates by Nitrobacter. Ammonification is the release of ammonia from organic matter. Denitrification reduces nitrates to N₂ gas. Nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric N₂ to ammonia. Nitrification makes nitrogen available to plants as nitrates, which are easily absorbed.
Explanation:
The nucleolus is a prominent, non-membrane-bound structure within the nucleus. It is the site of active ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and the assembly of ribosomal subunits. These subunits then exit the nucleus through nuclear pores to combine in the cytoplasm and form functional ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Explanation:
Meiosis consists of two successive divisions resulting in four genetically diverse haploid cells (gametes). Mitosis produces two identical diploid cells, amitosis is direct nuclear division, binary fission is prokaryotic asexual reproduction.
Explanation:
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the immediate energy currency for cellular processes. Hydrolysis of its high-energy phosphate bonds releases energy. Glucose and acetyl CoA are fuels, NADPH is an electron donor for biosynthesis. ATP is generated by substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.
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