The codon AUG codes for: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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The codon AUG codes for:

A. Methionine

B. Glycine

C. Arginine

D. Alanine

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

AUG is the initiation codon and codes for methionine in eukaryotes (formylmethionine in prokaryotes). It signals the start of translation. Arginine codons include CGU, CGC, etc. Alanine is coded by GCU, etc. Glycine by GGU, etc. The genetic code is degenerate, meaning multiple codons can code for the same amino acid, but AUG is unique as the initiator.

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Question #1

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In human digestive system, the enzyme that digests fats is:

A. Pepsin

B. Amylase

C. Sucrase

D. Lipase

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Lipase is the fat-digesting enzyme, produced mainly by the pancreas (pancreatic lipase) and also by lingual and gastric glands. It hydrolyzes triglycerides into monoglycerides and free fatty acids. Bile salts emulsify fats, increasing surface area for lipase action. Amylase digests starch, pepsin digests proteins, sucrase hydrolyzes sucrose. Lipase requires colipase for optimal activity.

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Question #2

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Consider the following statements about the cell membrane:
1. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.
2. It is fully permeable.
3. Proteins are embedded in the membrane.
Which of the above is/are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 1, 2, and 3

D. 1 and 2 only

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
The cell membrane has a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and is selectively permeable, not fully permeable. So 2 is incorrect.

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Question #3

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The vitamin that is required for the formation of the visual pigment rhodopsin is:

A. Vitamin C

B. Vitamin B₁

C. Vitamin A

D. Vitamin D

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Vitamin A (retinal) combines with opsin to form rhodopsin in rod cells, necessary for vision in dim light. Deficiency causes night blindness. B₁ is for carbohydrate metabolism, C for collagen, D for calcium.

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