The 'Hormone Inhibin' is secreted by the Sertoli cells in males and the granulosa cells in females, and its primary function is to: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

The 'Hormone Inhibin' is secreted by the Sertoli cells in males and the granulosa cells in females, and its primary function is to:

A. Inhibit the secretion of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary

B. Stimulate the secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

C. Promote the development of secondary sexual characteristics

D. Stimulate the production of testosterone

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKExamLibrary)

Inhibin is a peptide hormone that is part of the negative feedback loop regulating the reproductive system. In males, it is secreted by the Sertoli cells of the testes in response to high levels of testosterone and spermatogenesis. In females, it is secreted by the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles and the corpus luteum. Its primary function is to selectively inhibit the secretion of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland, without affecting LH secretion.

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The enzyme produced in the small intestine that converts trypsinogen into trypsin is:

A. Pepsin

B. Carboxypeptidase

C. Renin

D. Enterokinase

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Enterokinase (enteropeptidase) is secreted by the intestinal mucosa and activates the pancreatic proenzyme trypsinogen to trypsin, which then activates other zymogens. Pepsin is active in the stomach, renin is a milk-curdling enzyme (chymosin), carboxypeptidase is a pancreatic protease. This cascade ensures that protein-digesting enzymes are activated only in the appropriate location to prevent autodigestion.

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Question #2

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The process of artificially introducing weakened pathogens to stimulate immunity is called:

A. Immunotherapy

B. Antibiosis

C. Vaccination

D. Chemotherapy

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Vaccination (immunization) involves administering killed or attenuated pathogens, or their antigens, to induce active artificial immunity without causing disease. It primes the immune system to produce memory cells. Antibiosis is inhibition by another organism, immunotherapy treats disease by modulating immune response, chemotherapy uses drugs against cancer or microbes.

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Question #3

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In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (Tt), the phenotypic ratio of tall to dwarf in the offspring is expected to be:

A. 3:1

B. 1:2:1

C. 1:1

D. 9:3:3:1

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
When both parents are heterozygous (Tt × Tt), the offspring genotypes are TT (25%), Tt (50%), and tt (25%). Since tall (T) is dominant over dwarf (t), both TT and Tt are tall, resulting in 3 tall : 1 dwarf phenotypic ratio. The genotypic ratio is 1:2:1. 9:3:3:1 is the dihybrid phenotypic ratio. 1:1 ratio is seen in test cross (Tt × tt).

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