The hormone that stimulates the growth of the thyroid gland and secretion of thyroxine is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
In prokaryotes, DNA polymerase I has 5'→3' exonuclease activity that removes RNA primers and fills the gaps with DNA. DNA pol III extends strands, ligase joins, primase synthesizes primer.

Explanation:
Folic acid (vitamin B₉) is crucial for DNA synthesis and cell division; its deficiency during early pregnancy increases the risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida. Many countries fortify flour with folic acid. Vitamin A is for vision, C for collagen, D for calcium. Women of childbearing age are advised to take supplements.

Explanation:
Malnutrition includes undernutrition (deficiency of calories, protein, or micronutrients) and overnutrition (excess intake leading to obesity and related diseases). Both result in physiological disorders. Examples: marasmus and kwashiorkor (deficiency), obesity (excess). A balanced diet prevents malnutrition. It is a significant global health issue, especially in developing countries.